Archiv für den Monat Juni 2011
Iran Round Up – 30.Juni 2011
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Eye on Iran – 30.Juni 2011
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Bloomberg: ”Iran is furnishing new, more deadly weapons to Shiite Muslim militias targeting U.S. troops in Iraq as part of a pattern of renewed attempts to exert influence in the region, Defense Secretary Robert Gates said. About 40 percent of the deaths of American soldiers since the official end of U.S. combat operations almost 10 months ago have occurred in the past few weeks as a result of the attacks, Gates said yesterday in an interview at the Pentagon that also touched on Iran’s nuclear program. The U.S. has raised the attacks with Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki and others, said Gates, who leaves office today. Gates will be succeeded by Leon Panetta, director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Iran is ‘facilitating weapons, they’re facilitating training, there’s new technology that they’re providing,’ Gates said. ‘They’re stepping this up, and it’s a concern.’ Iran is supporting radical Shiite groups intent on ‘killing as many as possible in order to demonstrate to the Iraqi people that, in effect, they drove us out of Iraq at the end of the year,’ he said. The attacks are increasing as the U.S. and Iraqi governments are discussing politically acceptable ways to extend the American military presence beyond December… The aid to radical allies inside Iraq reflects Iran’s stepped-up efforts to wield influence in the Middle East and the Persian Gulf region, Gates said. The pattern has become particularly evident since populist revolts began against authoritarian rule in Tunisia, Egypt and elsewhere, collectively known as the Arab Spring. ‘They didn’t create the Arab Spring or start it, but they are clearly trying to exploit it wherever they can,’ said Gates… The Iranian threat to the U.S. forces has increased ‘in the last three or four months,’ Gates said. Iran is supplying bigger ‘explosively formed penetrators,’ or EFPs, a particularly powerful type of roadside bomb, and ‘improvised rocket-assisted munitions,’ or IRAMs, he said.” http://t.uani.com/mlIZ9t
EIL: Prisoners Declare End of Hunger Strike
On 26 June 2011, twelve prisoners of conscience declared an end to their nine-day long hunger strike. The prisoners started a hunger strike on 18 June to protest rampant impunity and lack of accountability following the deaths of two prominent activists, Haleh Sahabi and Hoda Saber.
Saber died in captivity from a heart attack on 10 June 2011. Saber had started a hunger strike to protest the death of Haleh Sahabi on 2 June. On 8 June, a prison official beat Saber when he was transferred to the prison clinic. On the morning of Saber’s death, prison officials failed to transfer him to a hospital for six hours after his heart attack.
Concurrent With Admission of Group Executions, 26 More Hanged Secretly in Mashad
Local sources in Mashad told the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran that 26 more inmates were hanged at Vakilabad Prison on 15 June 2011. At the same time, the Prosecutor of Mashad Mahmoud Zoghi admitted to secret group executions and without mentioning the number of executions over the past two and half years, referred to “the high number of executions.”
Zoghi acknowledged group executions while reporting the large number of drug trafficking cases in Vakilabad prison.
“With such a high volume of drug trafficking cases, the execution statistics are proportionate and foreign media unjustifiably exaggerate in this subject,” Zoghisaid.
A History of United Nations Special Representatives and Rapporteurs in Iran
This chart collects UN Special Representative and Rapporteur activity in Iran since 1980.
Download as PDF
| Name of UN Representative: | Mandates/ Concerns/ Findings/Visits: | Significant Reports/Relevant Information: |
| Olof Palme
Special Representative to Iran (and Iraq)
November 1979-1982 |
Mandate to:
Human rights concerns, with regard to findings of visits, include:
Mr. Palme visited Iran five times between 1980 and 1982.
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Iran News Round Up – 29.Juni 2011
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UANI Applauds Layher, California Contractor, for Ending Its Business in Iran
New York, NY - United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI) on Wednesday applauded Layher for ending its business in Iran.
This month Layher, a German construction group, contacted UANI in response to a notice it received from California’s Department of General Services. As the Financial Times reported this week, California has been notifying state contractors which have reportedly done business in Iran that they potentially will be barred from state government contracts under the terms of California’s 2010 Iran Contracting Act legislation.
Layher entered into discussions with UANI and agreed to sign UANI’s Iran Business Declarationcertifying that it has ended all business in Iran and will forego any future business there. UANI will now list Layher as withdrawn on the Iran Business Registry (IBR), which California has been using to vet state contractors.
Said UANI President, Ambassador Mark D. Wallace:
EA: The Latest from Iran (29 June): Possibility of a Blackout
1430 GMT: All the President’s Men. And now Tehran Emrooz, close to Tehran Mayor Mohammad-Baqer Qalibaf, goes after the President’s advisors, claiming Vice President Hamid Baghaei was given a new post to sell govt buildings in Tehran. He then appointed two new officials to align allies with Ahmadinejad’s office.
IRAN: Release of prominent human rights defender, while others remain detained
Geneva-Paris, June 29, 2011. The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, a joint programme of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), welcomes the release of human rights defender Emadeddin (Emad) Baghi, founder of the Centre for the Defence of Prisoners’ Rights and laureate of the 2009 Martin Ennals Award for Human Rights Defenders, but expresses its deepest concern about the ongoing arbitrary detention of other human rights defenders in Iran.
Statement from Austrian Foreign Ministry: Stop the violence against women in the Middle East
Original in German | Source in English
Plassnik: Stop the violence against women in the Middle East!
Special Envoy on the latest form of violence against women in Libya, Egypt and IranVienna, 9 June 2011 – As far as the public at the international level is concerned, there has been great progress and a profound paradigm shift in recent years with regard to the topic of violence against women in conflict situations. A statute of the International Criminal Court, for instance, condemns the systematic deployment of rape and sexual violence as war crimes and crimes against humanity under international law.
“With this in mind, the latest cases of structural violence against women in our southern neighbourhood and in the Middle East are even more upsetting,” said Ursula Plassnik, Special Envoy for International Women’s Issues at the Foreign Ministry, at a press conference today.
Amnesty Alert: Woman detained for human rights activism
UA: 196/11 Index: MDE 13/063/2011 Iran Date: 23 June 2011 Date: 23 June 2011
URGENT ACTION
WOMAN detained FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISM
Iranian human rights activist, Mansoureh Behkish , was arrested on 12 June 2011. She is a member of the ‘ Mourning Mothers ’ group , which campaigns against human rights violation ssuch as unlawful killings, arbitrary arrests, torture, and enforced disappearances . She is at risk of torture or other ill-treatment.
Mansoureh Behkish, 54, was arrested by men believed to belong to the Ministry of Intelligence when they recognised her in a street in Tehran, at 8pm on 12 June 2011. She is now held in Section 209 of Evin Prison. She was able to make a short phone call to her mother two or three days after her arrest and again on 20 June, but could not talk about the conditions of her detention. Mansoureh Behkish suffers from a neurodegenerative disease called diffuse myelinoclastic sclerosis, or sometimes referred to as “Schilder’s disease”.
The ‘Mourning Mothers’ group mainly comprises women whose children have been killed, disappeared or detained in post-election violence in Iran since June 2009, but it quickly grew to include relatives of other victims of human rights violations and their supporters. Mansoureh Behkish has lost several members of her family who were executed in the 1980s; since then she has been an activist and has been detained several times before.
Mansoureh Behkish was among 33 women from the ‘Mourning Mothers’ group arrested during their weekly meeting in Laleh Park, Tehran, on 9 January 2010 and held for several days. On 17 March 2010, she was prevented from travelling to Italy to visit her children and her passport was confiscated. She remains banned from travel abroad.
Eye on Iran – 29.Juni 2011
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AFP: ”Iran has carried out secret tests of missiles capable of delivering a nuclear payload in breach of UN resolutions, British Foreign Secretary William Hague said Wednesday. Hague’s comments came a day after Iran’s elite Revolutionary Guards said they had fired 14 missiles in an exercise, one of them a medium-range weapon capable of striking Israel or US targets in the Gulf. In a statement to lawmakers, Hague said: ‘Iran has also been carrying out covert ballistic missile tests and rocket launches, including testing missiles capable of delivering a nuclear payload in contravention of UN resolution 1929.’ He said Iran had also announced plans to triple its capacity to produce 20 percent enriched uranium, adding: ‘These are enrichment levels far greater than is needed for peaceful nuclear energy. We will maintain and continue to increase pressure on Iran to negotiate an agreement on their nuclear programme,’ including sanctions, he said. On Tuesday US State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said Iran was ‘bragging’ about its assets, but did not specify whether Washington thought the tested missiles were nuclear-capable.” http://t.uani.com/j27xGL
The Latest from Iran (28 June): Towards the Next Elections
1810 GMT: Khamenei’s Balancing Act? More on the statement of the Supreme Leader’s representative to the Revolutionary Guards, Mojtaba Zolnour (see 1435 GMT)….
While defending Ayatollah Khamenei’s support of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in the 2009 election, Zolnour said that the “nezam” (system) was interrogating elements of the “deviant current”.
Iran News Round Up – 28.Juni 2011
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“I Saw Prison Abuse,” Says Mohammad Nourizad
In an interview with the International Campaign with Human Rights in Iran, Mohammad Nourizad, a filmmaker, journalist and prisoner of conscience currently on furlough, provided details about his own case as well as the abuse of other prisoners. “I saw a young man who had been beaten, his lips were torn, and he had been slapped in the face numerous times. I believe what Hamzeh Karami and Abdollah Momeni said [about prison abuse] was accurate. They were badly tortured.” In separate letters from prison, political prisoners Hamzeh Karami and Abdollah Momenireported being abused and tortured.Eye on Iran – 27.Juni 2011
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NYT: ”Iran unveiled underground silos on Monday that would make its missiles less vulnerable to attack, marking the country’s latest show of force in the long standoff with the West over its nuclear program. State television broadcast images of an unspecified number of silos deep underground, saying they held medium- and long-range missiles ready to hit distant targets. Subterranean silos are considered harder to destroy than surface installations, and Iran hailed them as a defensive asset meant to thwart attackers. Col. Asghar Qelichkhani said the silos ‘function as a swift-reaction unit.’ State TV quoted him as saying that the missiles were permanently in the vertical position and ‘ready to hit the predetermined targets.’ The silos were presented as Iran’s elite Revolutionary Guards began 10 days of military exercises.” http://t.uani.com/juCvgF
Die Grünen: Maryam Majd und Mahnaz Mohammadi müssen umgehend freigelassen werden
Zur Verhaftung der iranischen Fotografin Maryam Majd vor der Ausreise
zur Frauenfußball-WM und zur Verhaftung der Dokumentarfilmerin Mahnaz
Mohammadi erklärt Claudia Roth, Bundesvorsitzende von
BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN und Mitglied des Kuratoriums der Frauenfußball-WM:
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Griechenland: Zustände wie bei Zeus…..die Leiden der Flüchtlinge (ARD/Fakt)
Beitrag des ARD-Magazins ‚FAKT‘ vom 27. Juni 2011:
www.ardmediathek.de/ard/servlet/content/3517136?documentId=7524258
Flucht mit Hindernissen
Griechenland ist für viele Flüchtlinge aus Afrika oder Asien erste Anlaufstelle in Europa. Doch wegen der schlechten Lebensbedingungen wollen viele weiter Richtung Westen.
Dauer des Videos: 8:06 min.
Iran News Round Up – 27. Juni 2011
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ICRIR: Update on the Campaign to Stop the Swedish Government’s Illegal Deportation of Sanan Ashrafi to Execution in Iran
The date of deportation for Sanan Ashrafi is fast approaching: Friday 1 July 2011. Due to popular pressure and excellent legal work by Sanan’s lawyer, Bo Johannsson at the Swedish Refugee Advice Center, a bit of optimism has developed with regard to Sanan’s case. However, the battle is not yet won. It remains critical for all of us to continue to exert as much pressure as possible on the Swedish government to ensure that Sanan will not be deported to Iran.
To that end, the following:
1) The Borderless Refugee Organization has called for demonstration in Stockholm in defense of Sanan Ashrafi. The demonstration will be held on Tuesday 28 June, at 12:00pm Sergel Square, followed by a march to the Swedish Parliament.
Notably, Mehdi Maleki, whose own deportation to Iran was only recently halted, is helping to organize this action in defense of Sanan Ashrafi.
2) Sanan’s lawyer, Bo Johannsson, reports that if the Swedish Migration office does not reverse its decision to deport in the next 2 days, he will file suit at the European Court of Human Rights to halt the illegal deportation of Sanan Ashrafi to Iran by the Swedish government.
3) We urge all supporters to continue to take action to pressure the Swedish government to stop the illegal deportation of Sanan Ashrafi; it is critical that the pressure continues until Sanan is safe from deportation. Email and call/fax actions include the following:
ENGLISH – Call/fax action: ICRIR: URGENT: Contact Swedish Migration Office and Swedish Embassies & Consulates to Stop Deportation of Sanan Ashrafi to Execution in Iran
ENGLISH – Letter-writing action: ICRIR: Open Letter to Tobias Billström, Swedish Minister for Migration & Asylum Policy, Regarding the Illegal Refoulement of Iranian Opposition Activist SANAN ASHRAFI (case #11220571)
FRENCH – Letter-writing action: Non à l’expulsion de notre camarade Sanan Ashrafi!
4) We urge all those who will be in Stockholm on Tuesday 28 June (today) to join the demonstration at noon in Sergel Square.
5) If the situation requires it, ICRIR will call for demonstrations outside of Sweden; we will know more about the necessity of taking such action on Wednesday.
Iran: Lageeinschätzung Amnesty International Schweiz
Zwei Jahre nach der umstrittenen Wahl vom 12. Juni 2009, in der sich Mahmoud Ahmadinejad an der Macht zu halten vermochte, bleibt die Menschenrechtslage in Iran katastrophal. Die Sicherheitskräfte wenden weiterhin Gewalt gegen friedliche DemonstrantInnen an und haben Tausende festgenommen. Viele Festgenommene wurden gefoltert oder misshandelt, Hunderte wurden zu Haftstrafen verurteilt, einige zum Tod. Die Urteile wurden oft nach unfairen Verfahren gefällt, die Haftbedingungen sind miserabel.
Die Oppositionsführer Mir Hossein Mousavi und Mehdi Karroubi, die in der Wahl vom Juni 2009 gegen Ahmadinejad angetreten waren, befinden sich zusammen mit ihren Ehefrauen Zahra Rahnavard und Fatemeh Karroubi seit über 100 Tagen unter Hausarrest, unter den sie ohne Gerichtsbeschluss gestellt wurden. AktivistInnen, die über Menschenrechtsverletzungen und das herrschende Klima der Straflosigkeit berichten wollten, wurden verhaftet. So erging es beispielsweise Mehdi Mahmoudian, der Informationen über die Folterung von Untersuchungshäftlingen gesammelt hatte. AnwältInnen, die die Opfer staatlicher Repression verteidigen, werden ihrerseits verfolgt, nur weil sie in gesetzeskonformer Weise ihren Beruf ausüben.
Steigende Anzahl von Hinrichtungen
Gleichzeitig stieg die Zahl der Todesurteile und Hinrichtungen weiter an. Dies kann als Strategie der iranischen Regierung zur Abschreckung der Bevölkerung verstanden werden: Nachdem öffentliche Proteste Anfang des Jahres die Regierungen von Tunesien und Ägypten zu Fall brachten, soll jede öffentlich Unmutsäusserung im Keim erstickt werden. Menschenrechtsverletzungen gehen weiter in einem Klima der fast vollständigen Straflosigkeit, in dem die Verantwortlichen für Missbräuche fast nie zur Rechenschaft gezogen werden.
Der Einsatz von Amnesty für Gewissensgefangene
Im vergangenen Jahr hat sich Amnesty International intensiv für die Menschen eingesetzt, die seit der Wahl 2009 aus politischen Gründen festgenommen wurden. Leitend hierfür sind die Worte des Journalisten Maziar Bahari anlässlich seiner Freilassung: «Der schlimmste Alptraum der Gefangenen ist es, vergessen zu werden». Amnesty International tut alles, damit dieser Alptraum nie Realität wird und hat für die Freilassung von sieben beispielhaften Gewissensgefangenen gekämpft, die stellvertretend für zahllose andere ausgewählt wurden. Leider befinden sich sechs von ihnen immer noch in Haft, während eine Person bedingt freigelassen wurde. Einige von ihnen wurden nach unfairen Verfahren aufgrund von vagen Anklagen zu weiteren Gefängnisstrafen verurteilt – weil sie auch im Gefängnis versucht hatten, ihr Recht auf freie Meinungsäusserung wahrzunehmen.
Unfaire Prozesse
Die Standards der Gerichtsverfahren haben sich weiter verschlechtert, was sich an einer Reihe von massiv unfairen Prozessen gezeigt hat. Seit der Wahl im Juni 2009 hat die iranische Justiz weitere Massnahmen zur Einschränkung der freien Meinungsäusserung wie auch des Rechts auf Vereinigungs- und Versammlungsfreiheit ergriffen. Leitende Justizbeamte haben Kritik seitens der Uno-Menschenrechtsorgane wie auch anderer Regierungen oder NGOs öffentlich zurückgewiesen.
Die Forderungen von Amnesty
Amnesty International ruft die iranische Regierung auf, die Verfolgung von Frauen- und MenschenrechtsaktivistInnen, GewerkschafterInnen, StudentInnen und anderen einzustellen und ihre Verpflichtungen unter internationalen Menschenrechtsverträgen einzuhalten, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Straflosigkeit bei Menschenrechtsverletzungen durch Sicherheitskräfte.
Amnesty International fordert zudem die sofortige und bedingungslose Freilassung aller Gewissensgefangenen und anderer Gefangener, die nicht in fairen Verfahren und aufgrund von eindeutig kriminellen Taten verurteilt wurden. Alle Gefangenen müssen sofort und regelmässig Zugang zu einem Anwalt ihrer Wahl bekommen, Kontakte mit ihrer Familie und medizinische Behandlung müssen ermöglicht werden, und sie müssen vor Folter und Misshandlung geschützt werden. Personen, die gefoltert oder andere schwere Menschenrechtsverletzungen begangen haben, müssen vor Gericht gestellt werden.
Im März hat der Uno-Menschenrechtsrat seiner Besorgnis über die sich ständig verschlechternde Situation in Iran durch die Ernennung eines Sonderberichterstatters zur Menschenrechtslage in Iran Ausdruck verliehen. Dieser wird die Lage beobachten und dem Menschenrechtsrat regelmässig Bericht erstatten. Ob die iranischen Behörden, insbesondere die Justiz, dem Sonderberichterstatter die Einreise nach Iran erlauben und mit ihm zusammenarbeiten, wird sich zeigen. Amnesty International fordert sie dazu auf.
21. Juni 2011
Eye on Iran – 27.Juni 2011
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FT: ”A new Californian law that prohibits companies with Iran investments from bidding for state contracts has prompted scores of international companies to clarify their status regarding the Middle East country, according to a pressure group. California is grappling with a $9.6bn budget deficit but the state’s size and spending power means it has clout on the global stage – particularly when it comes to persuading companies to divest from Iran. By insisting companies sever ties with Iran before they bid for lucrative state and city contracts, California has ‘changed the game’ on Iran divestment, according to Mark Wallace, president of United Against Nuclear Iran. ‘Its law says: if you do business in Iran we want to know about it and you will be subject to potential disbarment.’ … California’s department of general services, which awards its public contracts, has contacted more than 150 companies seeking clarification regarding Iran. The companies include Layher, a German construction group that recently told UANI it had not done business in Iran for six years, and ABB, the Swiss electrical engineering group… ‘The purchasing power of the big US states is so important,’ said Mr Wallace, a former US ambassador to the UN. ‘They procure goods and services worth billions of dollars.’ California’s Iran Contracting Act goes further than previous divestment campaigns because it applies to each contract awarded by every public body, city and municipality in the state.” http://t.uani.com/mg9jHR
Iran: URGENT ACTION – UMWELTSCHÜTZER IN HAFT
FARZAD HAGHSHENAS, iranischer Kurde, 35 Jahre alt
Farzad Haghshenas: © privat
Der Umweltschützer Farzad Haghshenas, Mitglied in der NGO Sabzchia (Gesellschaft grüner Berg) wurde am 18. Mai 2011 vor seinem Laden in Marivan in der Provinz Kurdistan im Nordwesten des Iran festgenommen. Ihm drohen Folter und andere Misshandlungen.
Der 35-jährige iranische Kurde Farzad Haghshenas wurde vor seinem Süßwarenladen von Angehörigen des Geheimdienstes festgenommen. Sie nannten keine Gründe für die Festnahme und brachten ihn zu einer Hafteinrichtung des Geheimdienstes in Marivan. Am 13. Juni erhielt seine Mutter eine Besuchserlaubnis. Bei dem Besuch erzählte Farzad Haghshenas seiner Mutter, dass man ihn in Einzelhaft gefangen halte und er nicht wisse, warum man ihn festhält.
Farzad Haghshenas ist Mitglied der Umweltschutzorganisation Sabzchia, deren Ziel die Sauberkeit der Landschaft in der Umgebung von Marivan ist.
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Iran: 140 people executed in southern Khorasan province
The Iranian regime has executed 140 people it accused of drug smuggling in the province of South Khorasan over the past year, according to the province’s judiciary.
The state-run Mehr news agency quoted a judiciary official of the regime, Mohammad Baqer Baqeri, as saying on Saturday that the regime’s “revolutionary court” will be “firm” against what he described as offenders and drug smugglers.
The regime has increased the number of executions in Iran dramatically in order to instill fear and terror in the society and to curb popular protests.
Quelle: Freedom Messenger
The Latest from Iran (26 June): When Arrests Are “Normal”
1705 GMT: Energy Watch. A spokesman for Parliament’s Energy Committee has punctured the Government’s claim of imminent “self-sufficiency”: consumption of gasoline is 70 million litres but domestic production is only 44 million.
1650 GMT: The Hunger Strikes. Mehdi Saharkhiz, the son of detained journalist Isa Saharkhiz, says his father is in critical condition after beginning a hunger strike at Rajai Shahr Prison this week.
One was murdered,dont let regime murder others! Iran,A nation focus on Iranian political prisoners! We must not forget Bahai’s & other minorities ….
Activists and leaders of the green movement in their campaign for the freedom of political prisoners must demand for the release of all political prisoners including Bahai’s and other faiths.
Seven Iranian political prisoners have written an open letter to Ayatollah Mohammad Sadegh Larijani the head of judiciary power of the Islamic Republic and demanded an impartial truth finding committee be set up to find the truth about the death of Haleh Sahabi, a women political prisoner of conscience.Haleh was a cell mate to these political prisoners.She was on leave from prison to attend the funeral of her father ,when a plain cloth security agents killed her near her house.
This letter was signed by : Nasrin Sotoudeh (A civil rights lawyer), Leila Tavasoli, Laleh Hassanpour,Fatemeh Darvish,Mahdieh Golro,atefeh Nabavi and Bahareh Hedayat.
Copy of letter was also sent to Ministry of interior, to Parliament,to public prosecutor Mr.Dolat Abadi , to prosecutor general of the country and to Ministry of information.
Iran News Round Up – 24.Juni 2011
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Eye on Iran – 24. Juni 2011
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WSJ: ”The U.S. imposed sanctions Thursday on the Iranian state airline and a ports operator for allegedly helping the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps move weapons to Tehran’s allies around the Middle East. The sanctions are the latest American bid to use economic pressure to try to weaken the Tehran regime, the main U.S. nemesis in the region. Top administration officials said Thursday’s action was targeted specifically at the Revolutionary Guard, an elite unit of Iran’s security forces they said is Tehran’s domestic enforcer, plays a major role in proliferation activity, supports terrorism in the region, and commits human-rights abuses at home. The U.S. Treasury targeted Tidewater Middle East Co., a port operator it says is owned by the Guard, and Iran Air, a carrier used by the Guard and Iranian military. Sanctions were also levied on an Iranian official, Behnam Shahriyari, for allegedly helping to provide weapons to Hezbollah, the Lebanon-based militant group… Tidewater Middle East has operations at seven Iranian ports, including the country’s biggest shipping-container facility. “The Iranian Government has repeatedly used Tidewater-managed ports to export arms or related materiel” in violation of United Nations resolutions, Treasury said. Shipping firms that knowingly do business with Tidewater Middle East could be barred from dealing with U.S. financial institutions, which Treasury officials said could put pressure on an important part of Iran’s trade infrastructure. Treasury officials said they weren’t sure if Tidewater had any assets in the U.S. that could be frozen. They also said the sanctions wouldn’t affect Iran’s oil trade, which bypasses Tidewater-controlled ports.” http://t.uani.com/ijoP3d
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